Tuesday, 10 January 2012

notes-cproramming

  C Programming Language
  Course No.    2300
  Description   This course is intended to provide experienced programmers with an understanding of the basic elements of the
                C programming language. The course uses extensive hands-on workshops to develop a complete application in
                C, to reinforce the topics covered in each chapter. By the end of the course, students will have developed and
                debugged C programs that use branching, loops, functions, arrays, pointers and structures, and will have used file
                I/O functions to read and write data files to disk.
  Audience      Programmers, systems analysts and managers who will be using the C programming language for development.
  Prerequisites Programming experience with at least one other programming language such as Basic, COBOL, or Pascal is helpful
                but not required
  Objectives    • Develop applications that use simple variables for screen output and data capture from the keyboard.
                • Use branching to control the flow of program statements.
                • Use loops to perform one or more statements a number of times.
                • Write applications that use functions to perform structured programming techniques.
                • Understand and use arrays and strings in C programs.
                • Write programs that use pointers for fundamental operations. Use structures to create and manage
                  records of data.
                • Perform file I/O operations such as reading and writing disk files
  Major Topics  • Introduction to C
                • Building Blocks
                • Operators, Expressions, and Statements
                • Branching
                • Loops
                • Functions
                • Arrays and Strings
                • Pointer Concepts
                • Structures
                • File I/O
  Format        Lecture and Hand-On Format
  Duration      1 day
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  Course Contents
  1. Introduction to C                                                                          •  Statements
      •  What is C?                                                                                •  Putting It All Together
      •  Features of C                                                                        4. Branching
      •  History of C                                                                             •  Overview
      •  A Simple C Program                                                                •  Relational Operators
      •  Style in C                                                                                  •  Equality vs. Assignment
      •  Using an Editor                                                                         •  True and false
      •  Compiling the Program                                                             •  Logical Operators
      •  The Program Development Cycle                                             •  Logical AND
  2. Building Blocks                                                                            •  Logical OR
      •  Overview                                                                                     Conditional Operator
      •  Basis Data Types                                                                          •  The if Statement
      •  Variables                                                                                 •  Common Errors with if Statements
      •  Strings                                                                                   •  The if-else if Statement
      •  Formatted Output With printf( )                                                           •  Common Errors
      •  The printf( ) Format Specifics                                                            •  Nested if Statements
      •  Conversion Characters                                                                     •  The switch Statement
      •  Field Width                                                                               •  Using the switch statement
      •  Precision                                                                            5. Loops
      •  Escape Characters                                                                         •  Overview
      •  Receiving Input with scanf( )                                                             •  Looping and Iteration
      •  Using scanf( )                                                                            •  The for Loop
      •  Problems with scanf ( )                                                                   •  Operation of a for Loop
      •  Character Functions                                                                       •  Elements of a for Loop
      •  String Input                                                                              •  Multiple Statements in for Loops
  3. Operators, Expressions and Statements                                                         •  Common Errors in for Loops
      •  Overview                                                                                  •  while Loops
      •  Variables                                                                                 •  Combining Increment and Text Statements
      •  Identifiers                                                                               •  Common Errors in While Loops
      •  Reserved Words                                                                            •  The do-while Loop
      •  Declaring Variables                                                                       •  Infinite Loops
      •  Common Errors Declaring Variables                                                         •  break
      •  Constants                                                                                 •  continue
      •  Operators                                                                                 •  Using continue
      •  Integer Arithmetic                                                                        •  Nested Loops
      •  Increment/Decrement Operators                                                             •  Summary
      •  Mixing Data Types                                                                         •  Debugging
      •  Casting                                                                              6. Functions
      •  sizeof( )                                                                                 •  Overview
      •  Assignment                                                                                •  Using Functions
      •  Expressions                                                                               •  Simple Functions
      •  Precedence
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     •  Declarations vs. Definitions                                                              •  Common Pointer Problems
     •  Passing Values to Functions                                                               •  Pointer Operations
     •  Passing Arguments by Value                                                                •  Pointer Arithmetic
     •  Return Type                                                                               •  Using Pointer Arithmetic
     •  Returning a Value                                                                         •  Call by Value
     •  Macros                                                                                    •  Call by Reference
     •  Problems with Macros                                                                      •  Returning Multiple Values
     •  Visibility and Lifetime                                                                   •  Allocating Memory
     •  Automatic Variables                                                                       •  Returning a Pointer from a Function
     •  Static Variables                                                                          •  argv and argc
     •  Using Static Variables                                                               9. Structures
     •  External Variables                                                                        •  Overview
     •  Declarations vs. Definition                                                               •  What is A Structure?
     •  Storage Class                                                                             •  Structure Members
     •  Setting a Program List                                                                    •  Defining a Structure Template
     •  Writing Large Programs                                                                    •  Using the Structure Definition
  7. Arrays and Strings                                                                           •  Declaring a Structure Variable
     •  Overview                                                                                  •  Accessing Structure Members
     •  What is an Array?                                                                         •  Arrays of Structures
     •  Declaring an Array                                                                        •  Assigning Structures
     •  Initializing an Array                                                                     •  Pointers to Structures
     •  Accessing Array Elements                                                                  •  Passing Structures to Functions
     •  Exceeding Array Bounds                                                                    •  Passing Structures by Reference
     •  Two-Dimensional Arrays                                                                    •  Returning Structures from Functions
     •  Arrays and Memory                                                                         •  Application: Linked List
     •  Array Restrictions                                                                        •  Using malloc( ) with Structures
     •  Passing Arrays to Functions                                                          10. File I/O
     •  Value vs. Reference                                                                       •  Overview
     •  Strings                                                                                   •  Files
     •  Array of Strings                                                                          •  Opening a File
     •  String Functions                                                                          •  File Access
     •  Using String Functions                                                                    •  Text and Binary Modes
  8. Pointer Concepts                                                                             •  Characters and Strings I/O
     •  Overview                                                                                  •  String Output
     •  Using Pointers                                                                            •  String Input
     •  What is a Pointer?                                                                        •  Block or Record I/O
     •  Three Steps to Using Pointers                                                             •  fwrite( )
     •  The Indirection Operator                                                                  •  fread( )
     •  Pointers and Data Types                                                                   •  Sequential and Random AccessCustom Tags and JSTL
     •  A simple Pointer Example
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